With a wide array of CBD products on the market in 2024, it can be difficult for consumers to know where to start. What is the best way to take CBD? Do some products tower above the rest? Does it really matter how you ingest the cannabinoid? This guide breaks down the most common CBD products on the UK market and the benefits (and drawbacks) of each consumption method. Here’s what you need to know.

CBD Oil

CBD oil sometimes called tinctures or drops, is one of the most popular and effective cannabidiol products.

CBD oil is most commonly available as a full-spectrum (FSO) or broad-spectrum extract, though isolate forms also exist.

One of CBD oil’s key benefits is its bioavailability (which means the rate and extent of the substance absorbed by your body).

The higher a product’s bioavailability, the quicker and better it will work. Sublingual application of CBD oil allows for rapid absorption into the bloodstream, as per the Mayo Clinic’s 2019 Clinicians’ Guide to Cannabidiol and Hemp Oils.

• How to use it: To use CBD oil, place a drop of oil under your tongue and let it sit for one to two minutes before swallowing.
• What else to know: Proper storage of CBD oil, such as in a cool, dark place, is essential for maintaining its potency and effectiveness.

Most CBD oil products include a dropper for easy dosing. The label should indicate the exact CBD concentration.

It’s also worth mentioning that while oil is one of the most effective ways to take CBD, some people may be put off by the earthy, grass-like taste. So, if you’re super sensitive to certain flavours, gummies or capsules could be a better bet for you.

CBD capsules

CBD capsules are ideal for those who find the taste of CBD oil unpleasant. Capsules contain CBD oil in a gel casing, making them super easy to take. Again, capsules can come in various forms, including full-spectrum, broad-spectrum, and isolate.

It’s worth noting, however, that capsules have a lower bioavailability than sublingual CBD oil.

This is because capsules need to be processed through the digestive system before the active compounds reach your bloodstream. This can impact the onset of effects and ultimately mean that the time it takes to feel the impact of CBD may be longer.

• How to use it: Always refer to the product’s label and take CBD capsules as set out.
• What else to know: CBD capsules are ideal for ensuring you consume a consistent dosage without any measurement.

Topical CBD

Topical CBD products, such as hemp creams, lotions, and balms, should be applied directly to the skin.

Unlike CBD oil and CBD capsules, topicals are commonly used for targeted relief. They work by interacting with endocannabinoid receptors in the skin.

One small study, published in the National Library of Medicine in 2023, tracked the self-reported results of elite athletes who received topical CBD for chronic pain resulting from acute lower extremity injuries. While the study was too small to draw empirical conclusions, participants reported a significant improvement in self-reported pain levels and pain-related disability.

Transdermal patches, another form of topical CBD, deliver CBD slowly through the skin into the bloodstream over a more extended period.

• How to use it: To use topical CBD, simply apply the product to the desired area. How much CBD you need is likely to vary depending on your needs and sensitivity. However, as a basic rule, most people start with around 20mg.
• What else to know: Topical CBD is the best choice if you’re looking to target a specific area of your skin or body. This allows you to direct the benefits of CBD where they're most needed.

Vaping CBD

If you’re looking to feel the effects of CBD fast, vaping can be an excellent ingestion method. As demonstrated in a 2020 study by Spindle et al., vaping has one of the highest bioavailability rates among all the ways to take CBD. This is because inhaling CBD bypasses the digestive system, allowing the active compounds to be quickly absorbed into the bloodstream via the lungs.

• How to use it: Simply put the mouthpiece to your lips and inhale the vapour. Hold briefly, then exhale as normal.
• What else to know: CBD vape products are available in two main types: vape cartridges and vape pens. Both offer portable, discreet, and convenient consumption.

However, this method may not appeal to those who want to minimize their environmental impact (vape products are often disposable).

It’s also important to note that most CBD vapes come in isolate form, with some broad-spectrum products available. If you’re looking for the benefits that come from full-spectrum CBD, you may prefer a different option.

CBD Drinks

Although CBD oil doesn’t mix well with water, manufacturers have developed "water-soluble" CBD products. These days, CBD-infused beverages can come in many forms, from smoothies to teas to powdered drinks and energy shots.

• How to use it: Drink CBD as you would a normal drink.
• What else to know: Be mindful of CBD concentrations in these drinks, as they often contain only minimal amounts.

Furthermore, research published by Gallily et al. in 2015 suggests that beverages with fats improve CBD’s bioavailability, as the compound’s fat solubility aids its absorption in the body. Consuming alongside fatty foods (such as avocado or olive oil) can also be helpful.

CBD Edibles

From gummies to cakes to chocolate and even healthy snacks, CBD edibles can be a delicious and effective way to consume the cannabinoid. Lab-tested CBD edibles bought from reputable companies offer precise dosing alongside convenience.

• How to use it: Consume edibles as per the packaging guidelines.
• What else to know: It’s important to note that edibles have one of the lowest bioavailability rates, as CBD undergoes processing in the digestive system.

According to Millar et al, this “first-pass” metabolism means some CBD is lost before it enters the bloodstream.

Just like with beverages, you can pair CBD edibles with fatty foods to enhance absorption and effectiveness.

So, which CBD ingestion method works the best?

It’s clear that not all CBD is made equally, and ingestion methods can affect overall effectiveness. Each method of CBD consumption listed here has a number of benefits and potential drawbacks.

Considering factors such as bioavailability, onset time, convenience, taste, and your own priorities and requirements can help you find the best way to take CBD to suit your wellness needs.